What is the primary difference between "push" and "pull" production systems?

The primary difference between push and pull production systems revolves around how production scheduling is determined. In a push system, production is based on forecasts and predictions about future demand. This means that items are manufactured in advance of actual consumer demand, leading to potential overproduction or excess inventory if the forecasts do not align with actual sales.

On the other hand, a pull system is driven by actual demand. In this approach, products are made only when there is a confirmed order from a customer, minimizing the risk of overproduction and reducing excess inventory. This demand-driven approach aligns production closely with market needs, enhancing efficiency and reducing waste.

Understanding this distinction is crucial in manufacturing and production management, as it affects inventory levels, production efficiency, and responsiveness to market changes.